įor most scholars, a problem has been in how to connect the Slovene and the German names. This part of the Life is based on a north Italian source written not long after the conquest of 774. The Greek form of the latter, Λυπλιανές ( Lyplianes), is attested in a 10th-century source, the Life of Gregentios, which locates it in the country of the Avars in the 6th century. The earliest attestation of the German name is from 1144 and the earliest attestation of the Slovenian form is 1146. The city is called Lubiana in Italian and Labacum in Latin. This name was in official use as an endonym until 1918, and it remains frequent as a German exonym, both in common speech and official use. In the Middle Ages, both the river and the town were also known by the German name Laibach. The origin of the name Ljubljana is unclear. Name Depiction of the city's coat of arms featuring the dragon on top of the castle, from Valvasor's The Glory of the Duchy of Carniola, 1689 The city retained this status until Slovenia became independent in 1991 and Ljubljana became the capital of the newly formed state. After World War II, Ljubljana became the capital of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia, part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. It was under Habsburg rule from the Middle Ages until the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1918. Situated at the middle of a trade route between the northern Adriatic Sea and the Danube region, it was the historical capital of Carniola, one of the Slovene-inhabited parts of the Habsburg monarchy. Ljubljana itself was first mentioned in the first half of the 12th century. It is the country's cultural, educational, economic, political and administrative center.ĭuring antiquity, a Roman city called Emona stood in the area. Ljubljana (also known by other historical names) is the capital and largest city of Slovenia. State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (1918)
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